19 set Mughal Empire
Capitals: Agra (1526–1540; 1555–1571), Fatehpur Sikri (1571–1585), Lahore (1586–1598), Agra (1598–1648), and Shahjahanabad (Deli; 1648–1857)
The Mogol Empire, Mugal Empire or Mogul Empire was a state existing between 1526 and 1857 (with an interval between 1540 and 1555) that came to dominate almost the entire Indian subcontinent. The Mughal designation appears to have only been given during the XNUMXth century and derives from Mongolian, denoting Genghis Khan's direct ancestry from its founder, Babur.
The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526, went into decline from the beginning of the 1857th century and was finally extinguished by the British power in 110. At its height, the empire was possibly the richest, most sophisticated and most powerful state on the planet. It had a population of between 130 and 1725 million inhabitants, spread over a territory of more than four million square kilometers, which comprised most of what is today India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh. After XNUMX, Mughal power entered a rapid decline, to which various causes are attributed: succession wars, agrarian crises that sparked local revolts, the increase in religious intolerance towards the non-Muslim majority and, finally, the blow given by British colonialism . The last emperor, Bahadur Shah II, whose effective domain was restricted to the city of Delhi, was imprisoned and then exiled by the British as a result of his involvement in the Seppies Revolt.
The classic era of empire began with the accession to the throne of Akbar the Great in 1556 and ended with the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. During this period, the empire was characterized by efficient and highly centralized administration which interconnected the different regions of India. Like the Taj Mahal, all the significant monuments built by the Mughals — their most visible legacy — come from this era.
Main emperors:
| Emperor | Beginning of reign | end of reign | Lifespan | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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babur | 1526 | 1530 | 1483-1530 | Founded the Mughal Empire, believed to be a descendant of Genghis Khan on his mother's side |
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humaium | 1530 | 1540 | 1508-1556 | Son of Babur, he lost the empire to Sher Shah Suri, but in 1555 he regained it. |
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humaium | 1555 | 1556 | 1508-1556 | second reign |
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Akbar | 1556 | 1605 | 1542-1605 | Union several Kingdoms forming the Great Mughal Empire |
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jehangir | 1605 | 1627 | 1569-1627 | - |
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Sha Jahan, | 1627 | 1658 | 1592-1666 | He built the Taj Mahal in honor of his Wife Akbarabadi Mahal |
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Aurangzeb | 1658 | 1707 | 1618-1707 | It greatly expanded the Mughal Empire, it also conquered Afghanistan. |